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Objective@#To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia after reduction of salt iodine content, and to provide theoretical bases for scientific iodine supplementation.@*Methods@#In May to October 2018, according to "Inner Mongolia Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance Project (2016)", in 14 banners (cities, districts) of Hulunbuir, each banner (city, district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the location of east, west, south, north and middle, and 40 non-boarding children aged 8-10 years old (age matched, half male and half female) and 20 pregnant women were selected. Salt samples and urine samples were collected to detect salt and urinary iodine levels. Salt iodine was detected based on the "General Test Method in Salt Industry-Determination of Iodine" (GB/T 13025.7-2012), and urinary iodine was detected based on the "Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry" (WS/T 107-2009), the iodine nutritional status was determined according to the standards of urinary iodine recommended by WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. At the same time, the goiter condition of children was examined by B-ultrasound.@*Results@#A total of 4 018 salt samples from homes of children and pregnant women were collected, the median of salt iodine was 22.61 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 94.50% (3 797/4 018), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 96.92% (3 680/3 797), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 91.59% (3 680/4 018). A total of 2 790 urine samples from children were collected, the median of urinary iodine was 179.15 μg/L; and 1 228 urine samples from pregnant women were collected, the median of urinary iodine was 156.88 μg/L. There were 9 banners (cities, districts) where children were at the iodine appropriate level, 4 banners (cities, districts) were higher than the iodine appropriate level and 1 banner was at iodine excessive level. There were 4 banners (cities, districts) where pregnant women were at the iodine deficiency level, 8 banners (cities, districts) were at the iodine appropriate level and 2 banners (cities) were higher than the iodine appropriate level. A total of 2 629 children were examined thyroid gland, and the goiter rate was 0.99% (26/2 629).@*Conclusions@#After reduction of salt iodine content, the iodine nutrition of children and pregnant women in Hulunbuir is generally at an appropriate level. In some banners (cities, districts), children and pregnant women are at iodine deficiency level, iodine over appropriate level or iodine excessive level. Iodine nutrition monitoring measures of children and pregnant women should be strengthened.
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Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia after reduction of salt iodine content,and to provide theoretical bases for scientific iodine supplementation.Methods In May to October 2018,according to "Inner Mongolia Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance Project (2016)",in 14 banners (cities,districts) of Hulunbuir,each banner (city,district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the location of east,west,south,north and middle,and 40 non-boarding children aged 8-10 years old (age matched,half male and half female) and 20 pregnant women were selected.Salt samples and urine samples were collected to detect salt and urinary iodine levels.Salt iodine was detected based on the "General Test Method in Salt Industry-Determination of Iodine" (GB/T 13025.7-2012),and urinary iodine was detected based on the "Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry" (WS/T 107-2009),the iodine nutritional status was determined according to the standards of urinary iodine recommended by WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD.At the same time,the goiter condition of children was examined by B-ultrasound.Results A total of 4 018 salt samples from homes of children and pregnant women were collected,the median of salt iodine was 22.61 mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 94.50％ (3 797/4 018),the qualified rate of iodized salt was 96.92％ (3 680/3 797),and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 91.59％ (3 680/4 018).A total of 2 790 urine samples from children were collected,the median of urinary iodine was 179.15 μg/L;and 1 228 urine samples from pregnant women were collected,the median of urinary iodine was 156.88 μg/L.There were 9 banners (cities,districts) where children were at the iodine appropriate level,4 banners (cities,districts) were higher than the iodine appropriate level and 1 banner was at iodine excessive level.There were 4 banners (cities,districts) where pregnant women were at the iodine deficiency level,8 banners (cities,districts) were at the iodine appropriate level and 2 banners (cities) were higher than the iodine appropriate level.A total of 2 629 children were examined thyroid gland,and the goiter rate was 0.99％ (26/2 629).Conclusions After reduction of salt iodine content,the iodine nutrition of children and pregnant women in Hulunbuir is generally at an appropriate level.In some banners (cities,districts),children and pregnant women are at iodine deficiency level,iodine over appropriate level or iodine excessive level.Iodine nutrition monitoring measures of children and pregnant women should be strengthened.
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Objective To survey the Keshan disease conditions and its trend in the historical serious illness areas of the disease in Arong Banner,and to provide epidemiological evidence for scientific prevention and control of Keshan disease.Methods According to the requirements of National Keshan Disease Surveillance Program,two villages in 2 townships of Arong Banner were selected as monitoring sites in 2012,population in monitoring sites was conducted clinical examination and electrocardiogram (ECG) tracings;suspected cases of Keshan disease were conducted chest X ray and ultrasound heartbeat graph examination.At the same time,residents' income and staple food structure were investigated.Results The abnormal rate of ECG was 7.92％ (66/833).The detection rate of cardiac enlargement was 20.00％ (9/45) by chest X ray,in which a slight increase was 8.89％ (4/45),moderate increase was 4.44％ (2/45) and severe increase was 6.67％ (3/45).The detection rate of Keshan disease patients was 132.05/10 000 (11/833),including latent Keshan disease [72.03/10 000 (6/833)] and chronic Keshan disease [60.02/10 000 (5/833)].In the ECG abnormal changes of Keshan disease cases,ST-T change and right bundle branch block were common,accounting for 100.00％ (11/11) and 63.64％ (7/11),respectively;frequent ventricular premature contraction was 2 cases,accounting for 18.18％ (2/11),degree I ° atrioventricular block and complete left bundle branch block was both i case,accounting for 9.09％ (1/11).Annual per capita income in Arong Banner was 8 100 yuan;dweller staple food was rice,flour and other grain crops,rice accounted for 70％-80％,flour 15％-25％ and purchased non-local grain accounted for 95％.Conclusions Keshan disease has been under control at a lower level in Arong Banner,but new latent and chronic Keshan disease occur slowly,gradually and gradually accumulated;life quality and dietary structure have influence on the incidence.In the future,we should pay more attention to Keshan disease and do a good job on prevention and control of Keshan disease.
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Objective To investigate the protective effect of Ebselen on mitochondrial damage and its influence to Cytochrome C expression and the neuronal apoptosis after spinal cord injury in rats. Methods Sixty adult SD rats were ran-domly divided into 5 groups (12 each group). Spinal cord injury model was made using Allen's method. Sham operation group received only laminectomy;SCI group received laminectomy and spinal trauma;Saline group received saline injection intraperitoneally (0.1%DMSO) after injury;methylprednisolone group received 30 mg/kg methylprednisolone injection intra-peritoneally, ebselen group received 10 mg/kg ebselen injection intraperitoneally. The malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathi-one (GSH)level at the injured sites of the spinal cord were detected 24 hours after trauma, and the expression level of Cyto-chrome C was also observed. Finally, neuronal apoptosis was identified by TUNEL staining. Results MDA level in the Eb-selen group was significantly lower than that in the SCI group, and GSH level was significantly elevated in the Ebselen group compared with SCI group (P<0.01). Expression of Cytochrome C in Ebselen group was lower than that in SCI group shown by Western blot, and the neuronal apoptosis in Ebselen group reduced significantly too compared with SCI group (P<0.01). Conclusion Ebselen can alleviate peroxidation,prohibit expression of Cytochrome C and inhibit neuronal apoptosis,thus it shows a protective effect to experimental acute SCI.
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BACKGROUND:The pathogenesis and risk factors for lumbar disc herniation are significantly different between adults and teenagers Previous studies seldomly refer to risk factors for lumbar disc herniation in adolescents by using logistic regression analysis.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the risk factors for lumbar disc herniation in adolescents in Jinzhou by using logistic regression analysis.METHODS:A total of 94 patients with lumbar disc herniation,including 56 males and 38 females,aging 9-18 years,were considered as the experimental group.A total of 1 00 patients suffering from other diseases were considered as the control group.Logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze risk factors for lumbar disc herniation onset,suggesting that OR>1 was taken as the risk factor for lumbar disc herniation,whereas OR<1 as the protective factor for lumbar disc herniation RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All the 1 94 patients were involved in the final analysis.The result of logistic regression analysis showed that compared with control groups,the patients with lumbar disc herniation were statistically associated with familial Dredisposition(OR=6.427,P=0 015),trauma(OR=17.196,P=0.011),congenitalmalformations(OR=31.429,P=0 002),and over-exercise(OR=12.644,P=0.027)Trauma,congenital malformations,familial predisposition,and over-exercise were the risk factors for lumbar disc herniation in children and adolescents in Jinzhou.So it is necessary to implement a comprehensive prevention program,such as lifestyle and dietary habit modification,and proper activity.
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Objective To formulate the quality standard of Rukang Capsule. Method The TLC of Zhebeimu, Xuanshen, Ruxiang and Tiandong were done separately. The HPLC-ELSD was used to determine the content of Astragaloside in Mongolian Milkretch Root. Result There were the same spots between the controls and samples and an excellent linear relationship for 1.44～4.32 ?g to the content determination of Astragaloside. The average recovery can reach 100.3% with 0.5% of RSD. Conclusion This method is reliable and accurate to application, and can be used for the quality control of the preperation.
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[Objective]To investigate the pathogenesis,pathology,diagnosis and therapy of hyponatremia after acute spinal cord injury.[Method]Fifteen in-patients with hyponatremia after acute spinal cord injury from 2004 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.[Result]Serum sodium was lower than 130 mmol/L in all cases.Urine sodiumcanned was from 40 to 68 mmol/L and urine osmotic pressure was from 420 to 980 mmol/L.After limitation of water intake and appropriate salt intake,12 patients recovered at 2 to 3 weeks.Because of fever and avoiding limitation of water intake,the other 3 patients recovered slowly.[Conclusion]The more serious the acute spinal cord injury,the higher the frequency of hyponatremia;syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion(SIADH) is its primary cause: appropriate measures should be taken to correct the hyponatremia according to the findings of serum sodium and urine osmotic pressure.
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BACKGROUND: Prognosis is determined by degrees of outside force and time of spinal cord compression after spinal cord injury. The former factor cannot be changed, but the latter one can be changed through relieving spinal cord compression as early as possible to promote nervous function recovery.OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of surgical intervention time on nervous function recovery within 72 hours and 10 to 14 days after cervical spinal cord injury.DESIGN: Randomized controlled and before-after controlled study.SETTING: Department of Spine Surgery of the Second Hospital affiliated to Harbin Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 32 patients with cervical spinal cord injury were selected from the Department of Spine Surgery of the Second Hospital affiliated to Harbin Medical University from April 1998 to August 2001.All patients were divided into two groups according to randomly alternative criteria. There were 16 cases including 10 males and 6 females in early surgical group (within 72 hours) and there were also 16 cases including 12males and 4 females in delayed surgical group (within 10-14 days).METHODS: Patients in early surgical group were undertaken operation at 72 hours after hospitalization, and patients in delayed surgical group were at 10-14 days after hospitalization. Frankel grade, sensory and motor scores were recorded according to criteria set by American Spinal Injury Association before operation and within 24 months after operation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Sensory and motor scores before and after operation; ② Frankel grade before and after operation.RESULTS: ① Improved level of sensory score (difference before and after operation) was higher in early surgical group than that in delayed surgical group (42.6±20.2, 19.2±19.1, P ＜ 0.01). ② Improved level of motor score (difference before and after operation) was higher in early surgical group than that in delayed surgical group (39.7±17.8, 17.3±18.6, P ＜ 0.01). ③Improved level of Frankel grade in early surgical group was superior to that in delayed surgical group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Nervous function recovery of patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury who were suffered from operation within 72 hours is superior to that of those within 10 to 14 days. Therefore, surgical intervention should be undertaken as early as possible in order to promote nervous function recovery after cervical spinal cord injury.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of surgery treatment for syringomyelia associated with spinal cord type cervical spondylopathy.MethodsExpansive open-door laminectomy and spinal cavity-subarachnoid drainage were performed in 11 cases.ResultsThe extremity function of 11 cases were all recoverd to varied extent in the following 1-5 years(average follow-up:30 months).ConclusionsExpansive open-door laminectomy and spinal cavity-subarachnoid drainage is an effective method for syringomyelia associated with spinal cord type cervical spondylopathy.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility of repairing spinal tracts with peripheral nerve graft combing neurotrophic factors in rats following complete spinal cord transection.Methods One hundred and twenty-one male Wistar Rats were transection at T9 level of spinal cord, and randomly divided into five groups. Group A with spinal cord transection was underwent acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) treatment and peripheral nerve grafts (n=25); Group B: spinal cord transection was underwent aFGF treatment only (n=25); Group C: spinal cord transection was underwent peripheral nerve grafts only (n=25); Group D: spinal cord transaction only (n=25); and Group E: sham control (laminectomy only, n=21). The locomotor behavior of all rats was analyzed by the BBB open field locomotor test over the six months of survival time. Motor evoked potentials (MEP) were used to evaluate axon growth across the damage site. Biotinylated Dextran Amine (BDA) and retrograde tracing with fluorogold were used to evaluate the presence of axons through the damage site after treatment. Results The presence of anterograde BDA labeling of corticospinal tract axons at the graft site and fluorogold retrograde labeling of neuron populations was found in motor cortex and in red nucleus, reticulospinal nuclei, raphe nuclei, and vestibular nuclei in Group A. The average latency and amplitude of MEP were improved significantly in Group C. The mean of BBB scores showed significant improvement in Group A. Statistical analysis indicated that Group A had significant improvement compared to Group BC and D at 6 months post-surgery (P